前面介绍了OpenGL ES所有能够绘制的基本图形,点,线段和三角形。其它所有复杂的2D或3D图形都是由这些基本图形构成。
介绍如何使用三角形构造一个正20面体。一个正20面体,有12个顶点,20个面,30条边构成:
创建一个DrawIcosahedron Activity, 定义20面体的12个顶点,和20个面如下:
static final float X=.525731112119133606f; static final float Z=.850650808352039932f; static float vertices[] = new float[]{ -X, 0.0f, Z, X, 0.0f, Z, -X, 0.0f, -Z, X, 0.0f, -Z, 0.0f, Z, X, 0.0f, Z, -X, 0.0f, -Z, X, 0.0f, -Z, -X, Z, X, 0.0f, -Z, X, 0.0f, Z, -X, 0.0f, -Z, -X, 0.0f }; static short indices[] = new short[]{ 0,4,1, 0,9,4, 9,5,4, 4,5,8, 4,8,1, 8,10,1, 8,3,10, 5,3,8, 5,2,3, 2,7,3, 7,10,3, 7,6,10, 7,11,6, 11,0,6, 0,1,6, 6,1,10, 9,0,11, 9,11,2, 9,2,5, 7,2,11 };
OpenGL ES缺省使用同一种颜色来绘制图形,为了能够更好的显示3D效果,我们为每个顶点随机定义一些颜色如下:
float[] colors = { 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 1f, 1f, 0f, 1f, 1f };
添加颜色可以参见Android OpenGL ES 简明开发教程五:添加颜色 以后也会有详细说明。
将顶点,面,颜色存放到Buffer中以提高性能:
private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer; private FloatBuffer colorBuffer; private ShortBuffer indexBuffer; ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 4); vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); vertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer(); vertexBuffer.put(vertices); vertexBuffer.position(0); ByteBuffer cbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length * 4); cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); colorBuffer = cbb.asFloatBuffer(); colorBuffer.put(colors); colorBuffer.position(0); ByteBuffer ibb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length * 2); ibb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); indexBuffer = ibb.asshortBuffer(); indexBuffer.put(indices); indexBuffer.position(0);
看一看DrawScene代码:
public void DrawScene(GL10 gl) { super.DrawScene(gl); gl.glColor4f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); gl.glLoadIdentity(); gl.glTranslatef(0, 0, -4); gl.glRotatef(angle, 0, 1, 0); gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW); gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE); gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, vertexBuffer); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY); gl.glColorPointer(4, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, colorBuffer); gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, indices.length, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indexBuffer); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE); angle++; }
用来绘制20面体使用了gl.glDrawElements:
public abstract void glDrawElements(int mode, int count, int type, Buffer indices) ,可以重新定义顶点的顺序,顶点的顺序由indices Buffer 指定。
会显示一个绕Y轴不断旋转的20面体,如何旋转模型将在后面的坐标系统和坐标变换中介绍.
DrawLine, DrawTriangle,及下载